Indra Jatra is one of the most important and spectacular festivals celebrated in Kathmandu, Nepal. Known for its vibrant street processions, traditional dances, and religious rituals, Indra Jatra honors Indra, the god of rain and heaven, and celebrates the end of the monsoon season and the coming of the harvest. It is a unique fusion of Hindu and Buddhist traditions, with the highlight being the Kumari Jatra — the procession of the Living Goddess Kumari.

History and Mythological Significance of Indra Jatra

The Indra Jatra festival has deep mythological roots:

• According to Hindu mythology, Indra, the king of heaven and rain, once descended to Earth to steal parijat flowers for his mother. The people of Kathmandu captured him, not recognizing the deity. His mother, Dagini, descended to search for him, and when the people realized their mistake, they released Indra and began celebrating his visit.
  Thus, Indra Jatra commemorates Indra’s visit to Earth and expresses gratitude for the rains necessary for a good harvest.

• The festival also honors the souls of the departed, and many Newar families perform rituals in memory of those who passed away during the year.

When is Indra Jatra Celebrated?

• Date: Indra Jatra is celebrated in September, starting from the 12th day of the bright fortnight of the lunar month of Bhadra (according to the Nepali calendar).

• The festival spans eight days of elaborate rituals and celebrations.

Major Events and Rituals of Indra Jatra

1. Erection of the Yosin (Linga)

• A large ceremonial pole called Yosin or Linga is erected at Basantapur Durbar Square.

• The pole, made from a carefully selected tree, symbolizes Indra’s presence on Earth.

2. Kumari Jatra – The Procession of the Living Goddess

• The Kumari, a prepubescent girl believed to be the living incarnation of the goddess Taleju, is paraded in a chariot through Kathmandu.

• Along with Kumari, chariots of Ganesh and Bhairab are also pulled through the streets.

• The Kumari’s blessing is considered a harbinger of good fortune for the city and its people.

3. Display of Akash Bhairab Mask

• A huge mask of Akash Bhairab (the god of the sky) is displayed at Indra Chowk.

• Offerings of rice, flowers, and drinks are made by devotees.

4. Traditional Dances (Lakhe and Pulukisi)

• Lakhe Dance: A demon-like masked figure, the Majipa Lakhe, roams the streets and performs vigorous dances to protect the community from evil spirits.

• Pulukisi Dance: A white elephant figure symbolizing Indra’s missing elephant moves around Kathmandu in search of Indra.

5. Lighting of Oil Lamps

• Oil lamps (diyo) are lit around temples, shrines, and important places in the city to welcome Indra and other deities.

Cultural Importance of Indra Jatra

• Harvest Thanksgiving: People thank Indra for the monsoon rains and pray for a prosperous harvest.

• Community Gathering: Indra Jatra brings together people from different communities and cultures, promoting unity.

• Spiritual Significance: Honoring deceased ancestors strengthens familial bonds and spiritual connections.

• Preservation of Traditions: Ancient dances, music, and rituals are preserved and passed down through generations.

Main Locations for Indra Jatra Celebrations

• Hanuman Dhoka Durbar Square: Central site for chariot processions, dance performances, and main festivities.

• Indra Chowk: Where the massive Akash Bhairab mask is displayed.

• Freak Street (Jhochhen) and surrounding Kathmandu areas come alive with colors, music, and lights.

How Indra Jatra is Celebrated Today

• Royal and Political Participation: Nepal’s president and high-ranking officials often attend Kumari’s blessings at Hanuman Dhoka.

• Tourist Attraction: Indra Jatra has become a major tourist event, attracting visitors eager to experience Nepal’s vibrant cultural heritage.

• Modern Blending: While traditional elements remain strong, urban celebrations also include modern lighting, music, and decorations.

Fun Facts About Indra Jatra

• Indra Jatra is the oldest street festival in Kathmandu, dating back to the Licchavi period (around 4th century CE).

• The Kumari is carefully selected through an ancient and secretive ritual to find a girl embodying the divine spirit.

• Traditional Newar musical instruments like dhime drums and bhusya cymbals fill the air during Indra Jatra.

• Rice beer and special sweets are traditionally shared among family and community members.

Final Thoughts

Indra Jatra is not just a festival; it is a living museum of Nepalese culture, history, and spirituality. With the mesmerizing dances, the moving chariots of the Living Goddess Kumari, and the joyful, colorful crowds, Indra Jatra stands as a spectacular celebration of life, gratitude, and community spirit. If you ever visit Kathmandu during this time, witnessing Indra Jatra is a magical and unforgettable experience!